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Adapt
(to)
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1.
(Webster’s II Dictionary, 1988) To adjust to
a specified use or situation.
2.
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Adaptation
|
1.
(Burra Charter) Adaptation means modifying a place
to suit the existing use or a proposed use.
2.
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Adaptive
re-use
|
1.
(Heritage Canada Foundation 1983) Implies the recycling
of an older structure often for a new function. Extensive
restoration or rehabilitation of both the interior and exterior
is usually involved.
2.
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Add
(to)
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3.
(Ontario Ministry of Municipal Affairs and Housing, Canada,
1982) To extend by means of new construction, which
may or may not require the use of additional land, or by
enclosing and/or finishing an existing structure.
4.
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Alter
(to)
|
1.
(Webster’s II Dictionary,
1988) To cause to become different in some (minor) way.
2.
(Ontario Ministry of Municipal Affairs and Housing, Canada,
1982) To rearrange the layout of interior space to accommodate
changing needs.
3.
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Archaeological
site
|
1.
(New Zealand Dept. of Conservation 1993) Any place
in New Zealand, including shipwrecks, which was associated
with human activity more than 100 years ago and which, through
investigation by archaeological techniques, may provide
scientific, cultural or historical evidence as to the exploration
occupation, settlement or development of New Zealand (Historic
Places Act 1993). Any specific locality at which there is
physical evidence for human occupation in the past that
is, or may be able to be, investigated by archaeological
techniques (New Zealand Archaeological Association Site
Recording Scheme).
2.
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Architectural
conservation
|
1.
(Heritage Canada Foundation 1983) Refers to the physical
intervention in a building to counteract deterioration or
to ensure its structural stability. Treatments often used
in this process include the cleaning of wallpaper, reattachment
of loose plaster, masonry repointing and consolidation of
an existing foundation.
2.
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Associations
|
1.
(Burra Charter) Associations mean the special connections
that exist between people and a place.
2.
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Authenticity
|
1.
(Getty Conservation Institute Glossary for Iraq Course
2004) The quality of being genuine or original, being
actually what is claimed rather than imitative.
2.
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Biological
Diversity
|
1.
(Getty Conservation Institute Glossary for Iraq Course
2004) The composition and abundance of species and communities
in an ecosystem.
2.
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Built
structure
|
1.
(New Zealand Historic Places Act 1993) Any building
or structure, including roads, bridges, gun emplacements,
walls, mines, etc. over 30 years old.
2.
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Character-defining
element
|
1.
(Canadian Register of Historic Places 2002) The materials,
forms, location, spacial configurations, uses and cultural
associations or meanings that contribute to the heritage
value of a historic place, and which must be retained in
order to preserve its heritage value..
2.
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Compatible
use
|
1.
(Burra Charter) Compatible use means a use that respects
the cultural significance of a place. Such a use involves
no, or minimal, impact on cultural significance.
2.
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Conservation
|
1.
(Burra Charter) Conservation means all the processes
of looking after a place so as to retain its cultural significance.
2.
(American Institute for Conservation) The profession
devoted to the preservation of cultural property for the
future. Conservation activities include examination, documentation,
treatment, and preventive care, supported by research and
education.
3.
(Nara Conference on Authenticity in Relation to the World
Heritage Convention, held at Nara, Japan, from 1-6 November
1994) All efforts designed to understand cultural
heritage, know its history and meaning, ensure its material
safeguard and, as required, its presentation, restoration
and enhancement. (Cultural heritage is understood to include
monuments, groups of buildings and sites of cultural value
as defined in article one of the World Heritage Convention).
4.
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Conservator
|
1.
(American Institute for Conservation) A professional
whose primary occupation is the practice of conservation
and who, through specialized education, knowledge, training,
and experience, formulates and implements all the activities
of conservation in accordance with an ethical code such
as the AIC Code of Ethics and Guidelines for Practice.
2.
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Conserve
(to)
|
1.
See “Conservation” above
2.
(Ontario Ministry of Municipal Affairs and Housing, Canada)
To implement saving methods to prevent the wasteful use
of a built resource, using planned management.
3.
(National Research Council of Canada) The term conservation
refers in most cases nowadays to the reduction of the energy
consumed by a building. The activities leading to this desired
objective are usually called retrofitting or thermofitting,
both are defined later. The term may also be used in the
heritage context or as a synonym for rehabilitation, restoration,
or repair in describing the activities required to effect
the conservation. In addition, the Venice Charter specifies
that the conservation of a building must serve some socially
useful purpose, but that this should not cause changes to
the layout or decoration of the building; nor should new
construction, demolition, or modifications be allowed to
alter the existing relation of mass and colour (ICOMOS).
4.
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Convert
(to)
|
1.
(Ontario Ministry of Municipal Affairs and Housing, Canada,
1982) To change the number of dwelling units within
a residential or mixed-use structure, to create a number
of new dwelling units within a non-residential or mixed-use
structure.
2.
(Housing and Urban Development Association of Canada,
1982) To change the use of a building.
3.
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Cultural
Heritage
|
1.
(UNESCO World Heritage Convention 1972 Art.1) For
the purposes of this Convention, the following shall be
considered as "cultural heritage":
monuments: architectural works, works of monumental
sculpture and painting, elements or structures of an archaeological
nature, inscriptions, cave dwellings and combinations of
features, which are of outstanding universal value from
the point of view of history, art or science;
groups of buildings: groups of separate or connected
buildings which, because of their architecture, their homogeneity
or their place in the landscape, are of outstanding universal
value from the point of view of history, art or science;
sites: works of man or the combined works of nature
and man, and areas including archaeological sites which
are of outstanding universal value from the historical,
aesthetic, ethnological or anthropological point of view.
2.
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Cultural
landscape
|
1.
(UNESCO- Operational
Guidelines for the Implementation of the World Heritage
Convention, 1999) parag.
36. Cultural landscapes represent the "combined works
of nature and of man" designated in Article 1 of the
Convention. They are illustrative of the evolution of human
society and settlement over time, under the influence of
the physical constraints and/or opportunities presented
by their natural environment and of successive social, economic
and cultural forces, both external and internal. They should
be selected on the basis both of their outstanding universal
value and of their representativity in terms of a clearly
defined geo-cultural region and also for their capacity
to illustrate the essential and distinct cultural elements
of such regions.
2.
(UNESCO- Operational
Guidelines for the Implementation of the World Heritage
Convention, 1999) parag.
37. The term "cultural landscape" embraces a diversity
of manifestations of the interaction between humankind and
its natural environment.
3.
(Carl Sauer, 1929) The cultural landscape is fashioned
out of the natural landscape by a culture group. Culture
is the agent, the natural area is the medium, the cultural
landscape is the result.
4.
(United States national Park Service) A cultural
landscape is defined as “a geographic area, including
both cultural and natural resources and the wildlife or
domestic animals therein, associated with a historic event,
activity, or person or exhibiting other cultural or aesthetic
values.” There are four general types of cultural landscapes,
not mutually exclusive: historic sites, historic designated
landscapes, historic vernacular landscapes, and ethnographic
landscapes.
5.
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Cultural
property
|
1.
(American Institute for Conservation) Objects, collections,
specimens, structures, or sites identified as having artistic,
historic, scientific, religious, or social significance.
2.
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Cultural
significance
|
1.
(Burra Charter) Cultural significance means aesthetic,
historic, scientific, social or spiritual value for past,
present or future generations. Cultural significance is
embodied in the place itself, its fabric, setting, use,
associations, meanings, records, related places and related
objects.Places may have a range of values for different
individuals or groups.
2.
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Deconvert
(to)
|
1.
(National Research Council of Canada, 1982) To decrease
the number of dwelling units within a residential or mixed-use
structure, or to return a structure, or part of it, to the
use from which it had originally been converted (based on
the definition of convert.)
2.
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Demolish
(to)
|
1.
(Webster’s II Dictionary, 1988) To tear down
completely or to do away with completely.
2.
|
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Design
|
1.
(Getty Conservation Institute Glossary for Iraq Course
2004) The combination of elements that create the form,
plan, space, structure, and style of a structure.
2.
|
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Develop
(to)
|
1.
(Webster’s II Dictionary, 1988) To convert (a
tract of land) to a specific purpose, as by building extensively.
2.
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Document
(to)
|
1.
(Workgroup at Getty Conservation Institute 2003)
To capture information regarding a site and it’s context
including change over time.
2.
(Workgroup at Getty Conservation Institute 2003)
To process, understand, store and communicate recorded information.
It involves interpretation.
3.
(Workgroup at Getty Conservation Institute 2003)
Planning, organizing, and managing the recording with specific
goals.
4.
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Documentation
|
1.
(American Institute for Conservation) The recording
in a permanent format of information derived from conservation
activities.
2.
(Workgroup at Getty Conservation Institute 2003)
The collection and compilation of different types of records,
that should complement each other, in order to achieve an
assessment of a group of buildings or site.
3.
(Workgroup at Getty Conservation Institute 2003)
The existing stock of information constituted by previously
produced records.
4.
(Workgroup at Getty Conservation Institute 2003)
The assembly, analysis and interpretation of recorded data.
5.
(Workgroup at Getty Conservation Institute 2003)
A collection of data.
6.
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Essential
Physical Features
|
1.
(Getty Conservation Institute Glossary for Iraq Course
2004) Those features of a heritage place that define
both why a property is significant and when
it was significant.
2.
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Examination
|
1.
(American Institute for Conservation) The investigation
of the structure, materials, and condition of cultural property
including the identification of the extent and causes of
alteration and deterioration.
2.
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Extend
(to)
|
1.
(Webster’s II Dictionary, 1988) To increase
in bulk or quantity.
2.
|
|
Fabric
|
1.
(Burra Charter) Fabric means all the physical material
of the place including components, fixtures, contents, and
objects. Fabric includes building interiors and sub-surface
remains, as well as excavated material.
2.
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Gentrify
(to)
|
1.
(National Research Council of Canada, 1982) To resettle
existing deteriorated dwellings in urban areas, following
rehabilitation or renovation, with occupants having higher
income levels than the original ones.
2.
|
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Groups
of buildings
|
1.
(UNESCO World Heritage Convention Art.1) groups of
buildings: groups of separate or connected buildings which,
because of their architecture, their homogeneity or their
place in the landscape, are of outstanding universal value
from the point of view of history, art or science.
2.
|
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Heritage
|
1.
(Francois LeBlanc 1993) "Whatever you want to
preserve for the next generations" See article:
Is Everything Heritage?
2.
|
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Heritage area
|
1.
(Heritage Canada Foundation 1983) A synonym for a
designated historic district or conservation area, which
denotes a neighborhood unified by a similar use, architectural
style and/or historical development.
2.
|
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Heritage value
|
1.
(Canadian Register of Historic Places 2002) The aesthetic,
historic, scientific, cultural, social or spiritual importance
or significance for past, present or future generations.
2.
|
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Historic garden
|
1.
(ICOMOS Florence
Charter 1982) A historic garden is an architectural and
horticultural composition of interest to the public from
the historical or artistic point of view. As such, it is
to be considered as a monument.
2.
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Historic monument
|
1.
(VeniceCharter Art.1 ) The concept of a historic monument embraces not only the
single architectural work but also the urban or rural setting
in which is found the evidence of a particular civilization,
a significant development or a historic event. This applies
not only to great works of art but also to more modest works
of the past which have acquired cultural significance with
the passing of time.
2.
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Historic place
|
1.
(New Zealand Historic Places Act 1993 ) Any land, building or structure that forms part of the
historical and cultural heritage of New Zealand and is within
the territorial limits of New Zealand. Includes anything
fixed to this land.
2.
|
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Historic resource
|
1.
(New Zealand Conservation Act 1987 ) A historic place within the meaning of the Historic Places
Act. Includes any interest in a historic place.
2.
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Improve
(to)
|
1.
(Webster’s II Dictionary, 1988) To advance to
a better quality or state.
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